1983年8月所裡派我去北京出差,到一個文教單位拷貝一些電腦文件。當時沒有互聯網,拷貝文件都得人親自去一趟,嘿,我可沒有抱怨。那也是我第一次去北京,從6號到27號呆了20天左右。
時值暑假,正好我爸媽也在北京,他們已經在北京待了一年多。那是他們闊別家鄉近四十年後的回訪,爸爸是1942年來上海的。母親帶著哥哥和姐姐從北京出發在天津搭船,來上海跟父親團聚是1947年。
與老輩兒同輩兒的親戚們一一拜訪相認後,堂兄堂姐表姐們先後帶我去遊覽了北京的名勝古蹟,幾乎該去的都去了,尤其是在北海公園太液池前留個影,那可真的是圓了兒時的一個夢。
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| 1983年夏 |
小時候,家裡的老式、硬木五桶櫃上放著媽媽的兩面形狀不一的小鏡子。我會長久地踮起腳尖兒、站在一隻小椅子上,兩手扒著櫃面邊緣,剛好能把下巴擱在上面。那高高的五桶櫃上面本身橫著一個大橢圓鏡子,我是照不著的,當然我也不是為了去照鏡子才扒高的。是那小鏡子背面的圖片深深地吸引著我幼小的心靈。有時我還要再做一下努力才能夠著鏡子,把它轉過身來。
長方形鏡子背面的圖片裡有個形狀奇異的白塔聳立在遠處藍天白雲下的山坡上,坡前荷花池裡,水粉色的荷花在綠葉的襯託下綻放著、花咕朵羞澀著,岸邊柳輕飄、在清風中婀娜著……每每都會把我吸引到畫面裡去。許多年後我才知道那是北京北海公園瓊華島白塔與荷花池。
橢圓鏡子背面的畫面是我至今也無法知道的地方,夕陽在一片靜謐的湖面上泛著鱗光,岸邊草地上有一個男子斜倚著一棵大樹,手持魚竿正在悠閒垂釣。他輪廓分明的側影,透著我尚不理解的魅力;卻能留給我一個期盼,盼著快快長大,去尋找那個迷人的地方,還有那個神祕男子。我伸出小手,下意識地、徒勞地撩了一下,多麼希望能把畫中人的臉撥轉過來看個清楚……
在故宮坑坑窪窪的石磚或青磚地上走,有一種與古人交流的感覺。彷彿在與宮裡的文臣、武將、宮女、太監、甚至皇上、娘娘擦肩而過。上景山時印象最深的是,上山的石階都是墓碑壘的,上面刻的字有的已經模糊。都是先考、先妣、年月日等字,有的日期很久遠了,立碑的人或許也早已不在人世。那些殘破的墓碑曾立何方?看著令人很傷感,不忍心踏在上面,盡量走在石階邊的泥土上。交織著崇禎皇帝自盡處給人帶來的世事滄桑感,使得那個下午的心情很沉重。
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| 景山頂上 1983年夏 On the top of Jingshan Mountain |
聽姑姑說1958年平墳運動時,所有墳墓被平掉,擴大耕地面積。石碑用來築橋、鋪路、修豬圈。那時政府貼告示讓墳主去認領。我們家在潘家園那兒有十八畝清代的家族祖墳,那裡安息了我們家族十三代人。歷經政治運動的家人不敢去認領。墳地被平,只留下了一通早年據說是順治皇上賜的王八駝碑,受文物保護,據說是不能拆、不能挪、不能毀的历史文物。我當時還沒有尋根問祖的興趣,聽過也就忘了,直到1988年8月,我三哥去北京時,姑姑帶他去掃墓,才有了幾張珍貴的墓碑照片。如今那墓碑早已不知去向。2022年9月,我大哥的閨女郵件中提到:「太爺爺一聲令下,全部去上墳的,我爸還要幫忙拎東西的,一直走到東城根。關於墳地,朝廷根據馬跑的距離劃分的,所以墳地很大。」
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| 小男孩兒是我的姪子,上面的陰影是三哥拍照時不小心手指擋住了鏡頭 The young boy is my nephew. The shadow at the top is brother’s finger accidentally blocking the lens. |
姑姑家掛牆上的照片鏡框後面藏了一張六七寸大小慈禧太后的老照片,躲過了那麼多政治運動,那真是膽兒忒大了。
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| 姑姑家四合院門前1983年夏 In front of my aunt's courtyard house |
姑姑家在朝陽區的一個四合院內,夏天吃飯就在院裡擺個小桌兒,小涼風一吹,挺舒爽的。一天賣冰棍兒的吆喝著進了院兒,有幾個小孩兒圍著他。我問:「師傅有小豆冰棍兒嗎?」北方人說話挺逗,沒有就沒有吧,他還理直氣壯地回道:「哪家的小豆不生蟲?」
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| 香山的清晨 1983年夏 Early Morning at Fragrant Hills |
香山是我一個人去的,那天一大早趕了個頭班車到香山時,遊客幾乎沒有。那時候好像不收門票,這張黑白照片拍攝的技術不咋地,但是卻把清晨陽光的明媚與清新的空氣,淋漓盡致地記錄了下來。說是沒人,卻在一片小樹林裡見到了一對年輕人,男的伸直了腿,靠著大樹坐在地上,女的岔開腿跨坐在他身上互相緊摟著,她穿著長裙展開來遮擋住了關鍵部位。在公共場合這樣的親熱舉止,在那個年代算是相當前衛的了。那次我當時在北京朝陽醫院當護士長的堂姐還提起,她聽說上海外灘黃浦江的晚上,一對對的情侶在江邊防汛牆邊,挨得很近,卻旁若無人地相互「抱著啃」,哈哈,北方人說話太直,擁吻叫「抱著啃」。
去圓明園那次也是我自己去的,下公交車時已經是下午四點多。沒見有指路牌,京城郊外比較荒涼沒什麼人,等了一會兒見一老人走過,便上前問路。他用手指了指說穿過這個村子順著那條小道還要走三四里路。
走吧,我對三四里路要走多久沒概念,既然來了,就得進去。一路上視野開闊,小道兩旁柳樹成蔭,荷塘成片,走了約莫半里路。身後傳來自行車鈴聲,靠邊讓道。一對中年夫婦各自騎著車過來。「姑娘去圓明園吧?」「是的。」「還遠著呢,上車吧,我們帶你去。」
我高興地跳上了那婦人騎的車。他們倆都是知識分子,一個是中科院的,一有空就去圓明園看書。好羨慕他們的雅趣。到了目的地,他們告訴我,他們六點鐘離開,可以再帶我出去,就找地兒看書去了。
林子裡佇立著的斷壁殘垣默默地傾訴著百年滄桑。兩個大石龜趴在地上昂著頭似乎有所不甘。遊人大概就十來個,其中四五個中學生模樣的男孩,讓我給他們拍集體照。得知他們也騎車,這就準備回去。看看天色將晚,擔心錯過末班車。我便問是否願意帶我出去,他們同意後,我找到那對夫婦,跟他們道別。坐在看上去年齡最小的男孩的車上,離開了圓明園。回到親戚家姑姑說我,一個人去圓明園膽兒太大了,說前幾天剛抓了一批流氓呢。聽得我有些後怕,那是83年嚴打,黑燈舞會、婚外性關係都有判死刑的,連開國元勳朱德的孫子都被槍斃了。
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| 小女孩後來上了清華大學 The little girl later went to Tsinghua University |
一個週末,我大大爺的二兒子有空帶著我和他閨女,去十三陵參觀了定陵。記得小時候看過1958年挖掘定陵的電影紀錄片《地下宮殿》。看得好緊張好興奮。當時小孩見面都要問:「看過《地下宮殿》了嗎?」大人們也紛紛議論,畢竟是中國第一個被考古學家打開的皇陵,第一部考古紀錄片,引起的轟動還不小。這次到了實地參觀也很興奮。那時對出土文物還不太有興趣,倒是周邊的風景令人流連忘返。可喜的是那天遊人不多,出來後我堂兄又帶我們去八達嶺爬了長城。那裡山勢險峻、陡峭壯觀,令人聯想到烽火戲諸侯、孟姜女哭長城等遙遠的故事與傳說。
登上北去的列車時,我帶了一摞十幾盒兒的餅乾糕點糖果等食品作為給第一次見面的親戚們的小禮物。我那時一個月的工資才42塊,沒錢買當時流行拿得出手的禮品,像人蔘、蜂皇漿、珍珠粉還有菸酒等。結果呢,那位護士長堂姐又發言了,說:「上海的東西就是包裝好看。」
回上海時他們在王府井買了一盒兒北京點心。那泥黃色簡易盒子跟皮鞋盒兒一樣。只是在蓋子上斜搭著一張粉紅色印了店名的薄紙,用粉紅色的尼龍繩拴著。那盒點心,份量確實很足,拎在手上沉甸甸的。而我那些盒子確實很輕,只有四兩半斤的量。不是我小氣,那時上海店裡就只有這樣裝潢漂亮的食品禮盒,還挺新潮的,價格也不便宜。
那次,我爸媽跟我一起回了上海。
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Memories of Beijing, 1983: The White Pagoda on a Mirror, Tombstone Steps at Jingshan, and the Lost Family Graves of Panjiayuan
In August 1983, my institute sent me on a business trip to Beijing to copy some computer files at a cultural and educational institution. In those days before the internet, copying files required a personal trip—and hey, I certainly wasn't complaining. That was also my very first time visiting Beijing, and I stayed for about twenty days, from the 6th to the 27th.
It was summer vacation, and as it happened, my parents were also in Beijing, having already stayed there for over a year. It was their return visit after nearly forty years of separation from their hometown. My father had left for Shanghai in 1942. My mother, taking my older brother and sister, departed from Beijing and boarded a ship at Tianjin to reunite with my father in Shanghai in 1947.
After visiting and introducing myself to relatives of both the older and my own generations one by one, my paternal cousins and maternal cousins took turns taking me to sightsee the historical monuments and scenic spots of Beijing. We visited nearly everywhere we were supposed to go, but capturing a photograph in front of the Taiye Pond in Beihai Park truly fulfilled a dream from my childhood.
When I was little, two small mirrors of differing shapes belonging to my mother sat atop the old, hardwood five-drawer chest at home. For the longest time, I would stand on my tiptoe atop a small stool, gripping the edge of the chest surface with both hands, just managed to rest my chin upon it. A large oval mirror was built across that tall five-drawer chest itself, which I couldn't reach to look into—though, of course, looking into a mirror wasn't the reason I climbed up high. It was the images on the backs of those small mirrors that deeply captivated my young soul. Sometimes, I had to stretch a bit harder just to reach a mirror and turn it around.
The image on the back of the rectangular mirror featured a uniquely shaped white pagoda towering upon a hillside beneath blue skies and white clouds in the distance. Before the slope lay a lotus pond, where water-pink lotus blossoms bloomed against a backdrop of green leaves, their buds closed in shyness, while slender willows by the bank swayed gracefully in the clear breeze... Every single time, it would draw me deep into the picture. Many years later did I finally learn that it was the White Pagoda and lotus pond of Qionghua Island in Beijing's Beihai Park.
The scene on the back of the oval mirror featured a place I am still unable to identify to this day. The setting sun cast shimmering scales of light across a serene lake surface. On the grassy shore stood a man leaning obliquely against a grand tree, holding a fishing rod and angling in pure leisure. His sharply chiseled profile exuded a charm I did not yet understand, yet it left me with an expectation—hoping to grow up quickly to search for that enchanting place, and that mysterious man. I would stick out my tiny hand, subconsciously and fruitlessly trying to brush past it, wishing so desperately that I could turn the face of the man in the drawing around to see him clearly...
Walking across the uneven stone pavers or grey bricks of the Forbidden City brought a sensation of communing with the ancients—as if brushing shoulders with the civil officials, military generals, palace maids, eunuchs, and even the emperors and consorts of the palace. What left the deepest impression when climbing Jingshan was that the stone steps leading up the mountain were built entirely from stacked tombstones, the inscriptions carved upon them already blurred in some places. They all bore characters such as "Late Father," "Late Mother," along with months and years; some dates stretched very far back, and the people who originally erected those tablets had perhaps long since departed this world themselves. Where on earth had those broken tombstones once stood? Looking at them filled me with a deep sorrow; I simply couldn't bear to trample upon them, and tried my best to walk only on the bare soil flanking the stone steps. Interwoven with the profound sense of historical vicissitude at the very spot where the Chongzhen Emperor ended his own life, the weight of it left my spirit intensely heavy throughout that entire afternoon.
My aunt mentioned that during the grave-leveling movement of 1958, all tombs were flattened to expand cultivated land. The stone tablets were used to build bridges, pave roads, and construct pigsties. Back then, the government posted notices for grave owners to claim them. Our family possessed eighteen mu of ancestral Qing Dynasty graves over in Panjiayuan, where thirteen generations of our family rested. Having lived through various political movements, my family members did not dare go to claim them. The graveyard was leveled, leaving behind only a grand ancestral monument (a tong of stele) topped with twin dragons playing with a pearl and carried by a Bixi (a mythical dragon-headed tortoise-like creature), which was said to have been bestowed by the Shunzhi Emperor during the early years. It fell under cultural relic protection and was historical property that could not be dismantled, moved, or destroyed. I had no interest in tracing my ancestry back then, so I forgot about it after hearing it. It wasn't until August 1988, when my third older brother went to Beijing, that my aunt took him to visit the gravesite, yielding a few precious photographs of the tombstone. Today, that stone tablet has long vanished without a trace. In September 2022, my eldest brother’s daughter mentioned in an email: "Great-grandfather issued the command, and everyone went to visit the graves; my dad even had to help carry things, walking all the way to the eastern city wall. Regarding the graveyard, the court partitioned it based on the distance a horse could gallop, which is why the gravesite was immensely vast."
Hidden behind the photo frame hanging on my aunt's wall was a six-to-seven-inch old photograph of Empress Dowager Cixi. To have kept it safely hidden through so many political movements required immense, unbelievable boldness.
My aunt’s home was located within a courtyard house (siheyuan) in the Chaoyang District. In the summer, we would set up a small table in the courtyard to eat; when the cool, gentle breeze blew past, it felt incredibly refreshing. One day, a popsicle vendor entered the courtyard shouting his wares, and a few children gathered around him. I asked, "Master, do you have red bean (xiaodou) popsicles?" People from the North have a quite amusing way of speaking; instead of simply saying no, he replied with righteous indignation: "Whose red beans don't grow bugs?"
I went to Xiangshan (Fragrant Hills) entirely by myself. Arriving there very early on the first morning bus, tourists were practically nonexistent. In those days, it seemed no admission tickets were collected. Although the technical quality of this black-and-white photograph isn't anything grand, it vividly recorded the brightness of the morning sun and the freshness of the air to the absolute limit. Though it was said to be empty of people, I spotted a young couple inside a small grove of trees. The man lay on the ground with his legs stretched straight, leaning against a grand tree, while the woman sat straddled over him, the two of them hugging each other tightly. She wore a long skirt flared out to conceal the critical parts. Displaying such intimate behavior in a public space was considered exceptionally avant-garde for that era. My paternal cousin, who was working as a head nurse at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital at the time, even brought up a rumor she had heard—that along the flood-control wall of the Bund by the Huangpu River in Shanghai at night, couples stood pressed closely together, hugging and "gnawing on each other" (baozhe ken) as if nobody else existed. Haha, people from the North speak far too bluntly; they call hugging and kissing "gnawing on each other."
My trip to Yuanmingyuan (the Old Summer Palace) was also taken entirely on my own. When I stepped off the public bus, it was already past four in the afternoon. I saw no directional signs, and the outskirts of the capital were relatively desolate with few people around. After waiting a while, an elderly man walked past, so I stepped forward to ask for directions. Pointing with his finger, he mentioned that I had to walk through this village and follow that narrow path for another three or four li.
So off I walked, having absolutely no conceptual grasp of how long a walk of three or four li would take. Since I had come all this way, I had to go inside. The view along the way was wide and open; the narrow path was shaded by willow trees, and sheets of lotus ponds lined both sides. After I had walked about half a li, the ringing of a bicycle bell came from behind, so I stepped aside to yield the path. A middle-aged couple rode past, each on their own bicycle. "Heading to Yuanmingyuan, miss?" "Yes." "It’s still quite far. Hop on; we’ll take you there." Overjoyed, I hopped onto the bicycle ridden by the woman. Both of them were intellectuals, one working at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Whenever they had free time, they would visit Yuanmingyuan to read books. I deeply envied their refined pastime. Upon reaching the destination, they told me they would be leaving at six o'clock and could carry me back out then; then, they went off to find a spot to read.
The broken walls and ruined columns standing inside the woods silently recounted a century of shifting fortunes. Two massive stone tortoises (bixi) crouched on the ground with their heads raised, appearing somewhat unreconciled to their fate. There were perhaps only about ten tourists in total, among whom were four or five boys who looked like middle school students; they asked me to take a group photo for them. Learning that they were also riding bicycles, they prepared to head back. Seeing the sky darkening and worrying that I might miss the final bus, I asked if they would be willing to carry me out. Upon their agreement, I found the intellectual couple to bid them goodbye. Sitting on the bicycle of the boy who appeared to be the youngest, I departed from Yuanmingyuan. When I returned to my relatives' home, my aunt scolded me, saying that going to Yuanmingyuan entirely alone was far too reckless, mentioning that a group of "hooligans" had just been arrested there a few days prior. Hearing this filled me with a sudden, lingering fear—that was during the "Strike Hard" (Yanda) campaign of 1983, where participation in underground dance parties or extramarital sexual relations could result in the death penalty, and even the grandson of Zhu De, a founding father of the nation, was executed by firing squad.
One weekend, the second son of my eldest paternal uncle found some free time to take me and his daughter to visit the Dingling Tomb at the Ming Tombs. I remembered watching the 1958 documentary film The Underground Palace (Dixia Gongdian) about the excavation of Dingling when I was a child. It had been so intense and thrilling to watch. Back then, whenever children met, they would invariably ask, "Have you seen The Underground Palace yet?" Adults discussed it fervently as well; after all, it was the very first imperial tomb opened by Chinese archaeologists and the first archaeological documentary, creating a massive sensation. Visiting the actual site this time was equally thrilling. I didn't have much interest in excavated cultural relics back then, but the surrounding scenery left us reluctant to leave. Fortunately, tourists were scarce that day. After emerging, my cousin took us to Badaling to climb the Great Wall. The mountain terrain there was perilous, steep, and magnificent, invoking far-off stories and legends such as the Zhou emperor lighting beacon fires to flatter his concubine, or Meng Jiangnü weeping over the Great Wall.
When boarding the train heading north to Beijing, I carried a stack of over ten boxes of biscuits, pastries, and candies as small gifts for the relatives I was meeting for the very first time. My monthly salary back then was only 42 yuan, so I lacked the money to purchase the popular, respectable gifts of the time, such as ginseng, royal jelly, pearl powder, or premium tobacco and alcohol. As a result, that head-nurse cousin spoke up again, saying, "Things from Shanghai just have attractive packaging."
When it was time to return to Shanghai, they purchased a box of Beijing pastries for me at Wangfujing. That earthy-yellow, simple box looked exactly like a shoebox. A thin slip of pink paper printed with the shop's name was merely draped askew across the lid, tied together with a pink nylon string. That box of pastries was indeed immensely heavy, weighing a ton in one's hand. Meanwhile, my boxes from Shanghai were indeed very light, each containing only about four to eight ounces of food. It wasn't that I was stingy; back then, shops in Shanghai only carried those beautifully decorated food gift boxes—they were quite trendy, and the prices weren't cheap either.
On that journey back, my father and mother returned to Shanghai along with me.
特別感謝 Gemini AI 提供充滿活力的翻譯和文本潤色。
Special thanks to Gemini AI for providing the spirited translation and text refinement.
第三百七十三篇
























